Enhancing Rotary Kiln-Electric Furnace Process of Saprolitic …
How to reduce the energy consumption of the rotary kiln-electric furnace (RKEF) process has become an important issue for the stainless steel industry. The aim of this study …
Atmospheric leach process for the recovery of nickel and …
Leaching of the saprolite fraction is carried out at high temperature (1500°-250° C.) and pressure for effective iron and aluminum rejection, but with relatively low nickel extraction from the …
Optimization saprolite ore in tube furnace with support …
This research uses pyro metallurgy technique to increase added value of the saprolite ore with reduction process in Tube Furnace. Reduction process has several factors …
Optimization saprolite ore in tube furnace with support …
The objective of this research is to obtain the optimal factor combination for the reduction process of saprolite ore composite in Tube Furnace by looking at the results of the …
(PDF) Nickel Laterite Smelting Processes and Some
The Krupp–Renn process was invented for sponge iron production as an alternative to blast. ... On the other hand, the addition of sulfur to a saprolite ore caused a decrease.
Study of selective reduction in lateritic nickel ore: Saprolite versus
In the reduction process with sodium sulfate additive, as reported by Rao et al. (2016) and Jiang et al. (2013), the selective reduction of saprolite ore is occurred with the …
Upgrade of nickel and iron from low-grade nickel laterite by …
In this study, an improved direct reduction and magnetic separation process was proposed by addition of low-nickel concentrates as nucleating agent combined with low …
HARMONY IN NATURE 1
We export saprolite and limonite ore to our customers in China and Japan, who process them into ferronickel and nickel pig iron (NPI), used for the production of stainless steel. Locally, two of …
Upgrade of nickel and iron from low-grade nickel laterite by …
Low-grade saprolite nickel laterite, characterized by complicated minerals composition and fine-grained and complex dissemination, was commonly treated with a low …
Improved beneficiation of nickel and iron from a low-grade saprolite …
To improve beneficiation of nickel and iron from low-grade saprolite laterite with 1.29 wt.%Ni and 16.31 wt.%Fe, co-reduction with limonitic laterite ore and basicity optimization …
Smelting of low-grade saprolitic nickel ore in DC-Arc …
In this work, the effects of slag basicity and stoichiometry of reductant addition during smelting of low-grade saprolitic nickel ore on nickel content and nickel recovery, yield, and phases of the …
Improved beneficiation of nickel and iron from a low-grade …
To improve beneficiation of nickel and iron from low-grade saprolite laterite with 1.29 wt.%Ni and 16.31 wt.%Fe, co-reduction with limonitic laterite ore and basicity optimization …
An Overview of Nickel Utilization from Laterite Ore
Due to long-term weathering and eluviation, the nickel grade of limonitic laterite ore is the lowest while the iron grade is the highest. Nickel mainly exists in goethite in the form of …
Ring Formation in the Smelting of Saprolite Ni-ore in a …
The clarification of mechanism of SR (Slag-Ring) formation in the smelting of saprolite Ni-ore by the rotary kiln has been successfully attempted. The walls in the kiln have a higher …
Optimisation of Saprolite Ore Processing for Nickel …
saprolite ore contains high levels of magnesium oxide, necessitating a distinct extraction method. Furthermore, limonite and smectite ores contain high iron levels that hinder smelting, while …
Are Days Numbered for Indonesia's Kilns?
Each production line of the RKEF process consists of two rotary kilns and an electric furnace. The first kiln is for drying of the ore, the second completes the drying process …
The chemical composition of saprolite ore.
From Table 1, the specific chemical composition in saprolite ore is 1.82 wt.% Ni, 30.47 wt.% Fe and 1.01 wt.% Mg. From Figure 1, the saprolite ore contains elemental goethite (FeHO 2 ),...
Nickel industry
Smelting is used primarily on saprolite ores to obtain an iron-nickel alloy (ferronickel – FeNi, Nickel Pig Iron – NPI) while HPAL is used primarily to process limonite or for higher …
Study of selective reduction in lateritic nickel ore: Saprolite …
The selective reduction process in lateritic nickel ore is carried out to generate high nickel grade in concentrate by inhibiting the metallization of iron. Temperature reduction has a …
Study of selective reduction in lateritic nickel ore: Saprolite versus
The selective reduction process in lateritic nickel ore is carried out to generate high nickel grade in concentrate by inhibiting the metallization of iron. Temperature reduction has a …
Investigation on Saprolitic Laterite Ore Reduction Process …
However, due to its high nickel content, saprolite ore is better processed by pyrometallurgy (Li et al., 2011; Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Republic of …
Open Access proceedings Journal of Physics: Conference …
resources and currently only nickel ore saprolite has been exploited while nickel limonite is abandoned as waste due to the lack of technology. In the last decade, nickel smelter is …
A Review of Direct Reduction–Magnetic Separation Process …
This process uses saprolite laterite (Ni > 2.2%) as feed. In feed preparation raw material is ground and mixed with coal and flux; limestone is added to adjust water content, …
The chemical composition of saprolite ore.
Download scientific diagram | The chemical composition of saprolite ore. from publication: Study effect of Na2SO4 dosage and graphite on the selective reduction of saprolite from nickel grade ...
Open Access proceedings Journal of Physics: Conference …
C. Type of laterite is used which has high iron (saprolite) and low iron content (limonite). Reaction time varied 30, 60 and 90 minutes. The reduction of nickel during reduction is ... The degree of …
Saprolite Neutralisation of Heap Leach Process
Saprolite ore includes alkaline minerals that are able to neutralise the PLS, leading to precipitation of iron present in the PLS. Under appropriate conditions aluminium may also be precipitated. …